Фольклор ненцев: В записях 1911, 1913, 1946, 1953, 1965-1987 годов. - 2001. (Т. 23.)

tions are of a grammar, poetic, ethnologica l and folklore nature. For example, here is an explanation to the text “Sampadapts” (A Shamanic Canticle): 2 6— Nekalkayada, 80 — Valkayaida, 190 — Nekalkayada, 195 — Yalka- ya i" — verbal forms which the Nen e ts people use in their everyday speech but which have not been studied from the viewpoint of morphology and semantics. A specific feature of those verbal forms is that a speaker reflects his/her attitude (positive, negative, etc.) towards people and subjects with which the described actions are made: emotional neutral (positive) forms forms nekalkayada nekalngada valkayaida valyada yalkayai" yalj Comments on translation are of a linguistic, folkloristic, ethnological and social nature. Here are several examples. 1. The Adventures o f Yav-Mal 4 _ Tlie fir-tree o f mine wbicb looks like a “chum” came in sight (.Mydkha khadeyami ngadimya) — possessive pronouns are a more widely used grammar category in the Nenets language than, for example, in the Russian language. The old man passed this fir-tree all his life, that is why he thinks he can call it “his”. 3. The Old Woman's Crumpet 35 _ He looks tbrough different papers but does not find it tbere. (Yet pada.ro khanya tanya liskuina, tartya khombdada yungu) — recognizing of this or that character with the help of a “reference book” is a fixed motif in Nenets folklore works, if a hero finds himself in an alien land (country), the crux of the pheno- menon is not studied. 24 . The Song of the Woman Yadne 1—2 — l dropped ftve coins on the Ob ice / / [For the life of] my five children... (Salyov yaV sert sampeilyangk yesyam, esyovm monadamt' / / Sampeilyangk nyuni nyurini e'emnya-aa...) — the woman drops coins on the Ob ice praying to God for her children's happiness. The Nenets people often practise this custom. For example, passengers of motorships, which cross the Gulf of Ob from Narechinsk sand-bar (in the vicinity of the village of Yar-Sale of the Yamal region of the Yamal- Nenets Autonomous Area) to Khe (in the vicinity of the liquidated village of Khe in the Nadym region of the same area), drop coins into the water asking the owner- spirit Kbebidya-Sala (Sacred Cape) for a safe journey. The Dictionary of Untranslated Words contains notions designating ethnographic realities.