Фольклор ненцев: В записях 1911, 1913, 1946, 1953, 1965-1987 годов. - 2001. (Т. 23.)

chums — cone-shaped tents made of wooden poles covered Ьy reindeer skins in winte r and ba r k in summer. Currently, the Nenets people live in different kinds of dwellings typical of the construction practice in the Russian Federa- tion. The Nenets people used to p r ocu r e food largely in the tundra, forest- tundra, rivers, lakes and the ocean. However, nowadays their food ration underwent drastic changes due to a large flow of foodstuffs from all over the world. The Nenets folklore under review has not been studied thoroughly, there are only three monographs on the subject. However, at least one sample of each genre was covered in publications. The first whole folklore text appeared in St. Petersburg in 1787. The scientists which made the most notable contribution to the study of Nenets folklore include Mattias Castren, Toivo Lehtisalo, Anton Pyrerka, Anna Shcherbakova, Zinaida Kupriyanova, Natalia Tereshchenlco and Lyubov Nenyang. Musical folklore of the Nenets people was studied by Armas Väisänen, Boris Dobrovolsky, Igor Bogdanov, Alla Gomon and Jarkko Niemi. Genres of Nenets folklore include (the tundra destriction) kheЫdya lakhanako (a myth, etiological and cosmogonical legend, myth-fairy tale); vadako (a fairy tale); syudbabts (an epic song syudbabts); yarabts (an epic song yarabts); khynahts (an epic song khynabts); syo (a song, a basic term for a lyrical song); yabe syo (an individual, personal drinking-song); yorota syo (a comic song); nyukubts (a chidlr e n's song composed by the mother and/or other relatives for a child); vekolabts (a chidlren's song-teaser); natseky lakha­ nako (a children's fairy tale); sambdabts (a Shamanic canticle); va 'a l (a legend, parable); ile'mya (a legend and/or adve n ture, existence); khobtso (a riddle); yudero"ma (a dream); taler'ema (legends or epics about the evil eye); sev’ taler'ema (legends or epics about putting the evil eye on eyesight). The volume includes syudbabts, yarabts, kheЫdya lakhanako, yabe syo, syo and sambdabts. Khebidya lakhanako (myth-fairy tales) are represented by texts Nos. 1 to 4 — “Yav'-Mal' Ilemya” (The Adventures of Yav-Mal), “Yav'-Mal' Syudbi Pirdalemya” (How Yav-Mal Conquered the Giants), “Pukhutyaya-Leska” (The Old Woman's Crumpet) and “Sidntet-Khavota-Pulchutya” (The Eight-Eared Old Woman). They reflect the variants of subjects according to A. Aarne — S. Thompson's classification: -313K*, - 301E*, -296*, -20F*, 21A*, 56, 56A, -150C*, 545F* and -550В*. The myth-fairy tale “The Adventures of Yav-Mal”, in which the -313K* subject — The Travels for the Daughter of the Tzar of Wind — is pivotal, different worlds act reciprocally — deities of Tirny-Vesako, his wife and their son, chthonian beings Yandekhe-Vesako and Yaminya, the Youth of Thunder and the Tzar of Wind who live in heaven and people who live